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波浪理论的数学基础

2011-5-12 08:02| 发布者: admin| 查看: 1163| 评论: 0|原作者: 摘|来自: 波浪理论

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一、概述 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人们通常说,十个分析师有十一种数浪方法。大部分人都觉得艾略特波浪理论过于玄奥,难以把握。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1946</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,艾略特完成了关于波浪理论的集大成之作,《自然法则——宇宙的秘密》。你瞧 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">!</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他的气魄有多大。艾略特坚信,他的波浪理论是制约人类一切活动的普遍自然法则的一部分。波浪理论的优点是,对即将出现的顶部或底部却能提前发出警告信号,而传统的技术分析方法只有事后才能验证。艾略特波浪理论对市场运作具备了全方位的透视能力,从而有助于解释特定的形态为什么要出现,在何处出现,以及它们为什么具备如此这般的预测意义等等问题。另外,它也有助于我们判明当前的市场在其总体周期结构中所处的地位。波浪理论的数学基础,就是菲波纳奇在 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪发现的一组数列。菲波纳奇数列还是黄金分割、黄金矩形、对数螺线的数学基础,在音乐、艺术、建筑中,都有它们的影子。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、艾赂特波浪理论的基本原理 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">波浪理论具有三个重要方面——形态、比例和时间,其重要性依上述次序等而下之。所谓形态,指波浪的形态或构造,这是波浪理论最重要的部分。而比例分析是指,通过测算各个波浪之间的相互关家,来确定回撤点和价格目标。最后一方面是时间,各波浪之间在时间上也相互关联,我们可以利用这种关系来验证波浪形态和比例。有些分析人士认为,时间关系在进行市场预测时较不可靠。艾略特理论主要应用在股价指数,特别是道·琼斯工业股票指数的分析上的。在波浪理论最基本的形式是,股票市场遵循着一种周而复始的节律,先是 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪上涨,随之有 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪下跌。如图 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">. <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示的,是一个完整的周期。数一数其中波浪的数目,那么,一个完整的周期包含 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪一 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪上升, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪下降。在周期的上升阶段,每一浪均以数字编号。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪、 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪和 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪是上升浪,称为主浪,而 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪和 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪的方向与上升趋势的方向相反,因为 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪和 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪分别是对 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪和 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">浪的调整,故称之为调整浪。上述五浪完成后,出现了一个三浪形式的调整。这三个波浪分别用字母 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">a</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">b</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">c</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来表示。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关于各个波浪本身的结构问题,很重要一点就是要考察清楚它们的规模。我们知 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">道,趋势具有很多的规模层次。艾略特把趋势的规模划分成 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个层次,上达覆盖 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">200</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的超长周期,下至仅仅延续数小时的微小尺度。关键的是我们要记住,不管我们所研究 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的趋势处于何等规模,其基本的八浪周期总是不变的。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三、菲波纳奇数列是波浪理论的基础 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">艾略特在他的《自然法则》中称,波浪理论的数学基础,就是菲波纳奇在 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发现的一组数列。该数列后来以其发现者命名,一般称为菲波纳奇数列 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或菲波纳奇数字 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。在《计算的书》中,菲被纳奇数列第一次出现,是作为兔子繁殖的数学问题的解答写出来的。这组数列是 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">21</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">34</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">55</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">89</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">144</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,等等,以至无穷。 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个数列有许多有趣的性质,并不只是在它的数字之间存在连续性关系这一点。 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.任意两个相邻的数字之和,等于两者之后的那个数字。例如, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">= <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">= <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">= <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">= <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">, <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">十 <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT> <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">= <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times N

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